WEST VIRGINIA (LOOTPRESS) – Health experts say cases of alpha-gal syndrome, a tick-borne allergy that can cause reactions to red meat and other mammal-derived products, appear to be increasing across the United States.
Alpha-gal syndrome is linked to bites from the lone star tick, a species that is well established throughout much of West Virginia. The condition occurs when a person develops an allergic reaction to a sugar molecule known as alpha-gal, which is found in most mammals but not in people, birds, fish or reptiles.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 110,000 suspected cases of alpha-gal syndrome were identified in the United States between 2010 and 2022. Researchers believe the actual number of cases may be significantly higher, with as many as 450,000 Americans potentially affected.
The increase is believed to be driven by expanding tick populations, increased awareness among health care providers and greater use of testing for the condition.
Unlike many food allergies that cause immediate symptoms, alpha-gal syndrome often triggers reactions several hours after consuming beef, pork, lamb or other mammal products. Symptoms can range from mild to severe and may include hives, itching, stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, swelling and, in some cases, life-threatening anaphylaxis.
Health officials say people who spend time outdoors in wooded, grassy or brush-covered areas may face a greater risk of tick exposure. The lone star tick has expanded its range in recent years and is commonly found throughout much of the eastern United States, including West Virginia.
Doctors encourage residents to take precautions against tick bites by using insect repellent, wearing long sleeves and pants when outdoors, performing tick checks after spending time outside and promptly removing attached ticks.
Anyone experiencing unexplained allergic reactions, particularly several hours after eating red meat, is encouraged to consult a health care provider. Blood tests can help determine whether a person has developed alpha-gal syndrome.
As tick populations continue to grow in many parts of the country, health experts say awareness of alpha-gal syndrome remains important for both residents and medical professionals in West Virginia.
